ADHD Medications and Treatments Stimulants are the main medications used to treat ADHD. They increase levels of neurotransmitters, which help improve concentration and control impulses. These include dextroamphetamine, amphetamine, and dex that are known under brand names like Adderall, and methylphenidate and lisdexamfetamine, called Ritalin and Concerta. Doctors may prescribe